Chris Harwood

This exploratory case study investigates Japanese undergraduates’ perceptions of ChatGPT in an English public-speaking course. Over four weeks, C1-level (CEFR) students engaged in parliamentary-style debates, roleplaying Japanese political figures on current social issues, focusing on speech writing and argument construction. Data were collected from reflective journals (n = 16), semi-structured interviews (n = 3), and classroom field notes. Students perceived ChatGPT as a convenient tool for idea generation, structuring arguments, and anticipating counterarguments. Although students reported that using ChatGPT helped them to improve the logical flow of their speeches, its outputs were often perceived as formulaic, lacking originality, rhetorical depth, and emotional appeal. Some valued ChatGPT as a scaffold for organizing arguments, while others worried it encouraged over-reliance and superficial engagement. Ethical concerns arose regarding authorship, academic integrity, and AI’s influence on rhetorical voice. The findings highlight ChatGPT’s contradictory role as both an enabler of rhetorical structuring and an impediment to deep critical engagement, underscoring the need for AI literacy frameworks that promote self-regulated and reflective AI use in public speaking contexts.

This paper explores the technological affordances of using Zoom for pedagogical purposes in the context of one-to-one writing center tutorials. First, the theoretical pedagogical framework that informs writing center tutorials is explained and the salient mediating affordances of Zoom technology are outlined. Then, tutor and student qualitative feedback from the beta testing of a virtual writing center hosted in Zoom are presented and briefly discussed. The feedback suggests that Zoom has a range of technological affordances that can be employed by educators to host and conduct meaningful writing center tutorials in an undergraduate EMI context.

This chapter focuses on cooperative learning in an undergraduate English for academic purposes context and discusses the pedagogical factors that educators should consider when moving a face-to-face cooperative learning activity online. In the discussion, a text-based academic literacy activity is used to illustrate how the principles of cooperative learning should incorporate pedagogic concepts and approaches from group-based online learning to facilitate cooperative learning online. Factors within task structure, and the importance of teaching presence and social presence in fostering cognitive presence in an online learning environment are discussed. Then, recommendations for how to cultivate positive interdependence, promotive interaction, individual accountability, interpersonal and small group skills, and group processing in online activities are proposed.