TOBIAS WEISS

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>After the Fukushima accident, Japan experienced a drastic decline in nuclear energy use because of resistance from civil society. This civil society activity can be explained by the strong social capital forged in Japanese communities. By contrast, the classical (and some recent) literature has argued that Japan’s dense network of associations and groups functions to disseminate conservative ideology and thus control civil society. The classical school of thought has described networks of conservative organizations as vertical in contrast to horizontal networks. This article explores the empirical evidence in this discussion by analyzing the effect of affiliation of each type of group on the members’ attitude and advocacy toward nuclear energy policy based on our survey (n = 77,084) conducted in late 2017. Detailed analysis of group effects of relevant group features led us to reconceptualize the aforementioned dichotomy. Vertical networks are often associated with groups’ conservatism but vary in the degree of postmaterialism and activism. Each dimension of group features has different effects on members’ opinions of nuclear energy, sentiment toward antinuclear movements, and antinuclear advocacy. Neither social capital theory nor vertical network theory is fully confirmed by this study. Both effects can be observed in different segments of respondents.</jats:p>

<p>This book analyses the portrayal of nuclear power in Japanese journalism and the factors that influence it. Combining a field theoretical approach to journalism with frame analysis on different levels of the communication process, the author argues that the nuclear industry in Japan used its financial power to form a ‘pro-nuclear civil society’ and that this frame sponsorship is the reason for the relatively positive portrayal of nuclear power in Japan until 2011. After ‘Fukushima’, journalistic autonomy in this domain increased and journalism became a driving force of change in nuclear policy. At the same time, the field of journalism became polarised because its more heteronomous parts remained integrated into the ‘pro-nuclear civil society’. This book offers a new perspective on the Japanese media and journalism in Japan, emphasising heterogeneity and change in contrast to previous research, which focused on press clubs as institutions of pervasive media control.</p>