田村 恭久

<p>This paper focused on students' peer assessment and analyzed evaluation behavior using log data from the evaluation process. Peer assessments by students are problematic in terms of reliability and validity. Many previous studies have discussed the reliability and validity of peer assessments using the evaluation scores of peer assessments. In contrast, the evaluation process, that is, who, when, and which items were evaluated, and in what order, has not been studied. The purpose of this research is to answer this research question, "How do students evaluate each other during peer assessments?" To achieve this purpose, we break the research question into three sub-questions: (1) Is it worth focusing on evaluation behaviors? (2) How can we visualize evaluation behaviors? and (3) What are the characteristic evaluation behaviors? First, we investigated similar studies and considered their relationship with our proposal. Consequently, it became clear that in social science, there have been many studies that acquire process data for answering surveys and questionnaires. Therefore, also in peer assessment research, there is a possibility to gain a better understanding of how students participate in peer assessment by focusing on the process log. Second, we developed a web-based form as the peer assessment tool to detect students' evaluation process data. Using this form, we conducted an experiment to acquire evaluation process data from a class in which assessments were made to visualize evaluation behavior. Finally, we extracted and discussed characteristic evaluation behaviors. Consequently, we identif ied characteristic evaluation behaviors such as "evaluated in a short time." We expect these results will lead to a clarif ication of the causes of low reliability and validity in students' peer assessments that have been dif f icult to assess through conventional methods based only on the peer assessment score. Specif ically, the causes are, for example, "the students were not evaluating seriously," "they evaluated seriously but could not evaluate properly because of a lack of evaluation ability," or "there was room for improvement in the form design or lesson conditions."</p>

This paper shows typical functions required on electronic textbooks to be adopted in various countries, trial implementation of these functions, and their verification of representation and behavior in six e-book platforms. First, the authors extracted the functions by checking preceding researches and investigations. The result contains 52 items, including 7 categories of “authentication”, “copyright”, “contents representation”, “related information”, “additional information by learners”, “learning support”, and “restriction of contents and platforms”. Next, these functions were implemented with ePub3 format e-books. ePub3 is going to be one of de jure standard format of e-books. Also, contents representation and behavior of the result ePub e-books were verified on 6 types of e-book platforms on operating systems of iOS, Android, Windows, and Kindle Linux. The verification result shows that iBooks3 on iOS worked best among the 6 e-book readers. Also it shows that many e-book readers support only representation of ePub2 files, while HTML5, JavaScript, and Web API are not supported yet.

This paper proposes a three-dimensional motion capture and feedback system of flying disc throwing action learners with use of Kinect device. Rather than conventional 3-D motion capture system, Kinect has advantages of cost merit, easy system development and operation. A novice learner of flying disc is trained to keep arm movement in steady height, to twist the waist, and to stretch the elbow according to the waist angle. The proposing system captures learners’ body movement, checks their skeleton positions in pre-motion / motion / post-motion in several ways, and displays feedback messages to refine their actions.

ドメイン分析・モデリングは,対象システム自身が本来もつ各種の性質や開発上の多様な知識を十分に分析し認識して組織化し,システムの開発に有効な,共通の対象領域(ドメイン)に属する,用語,問題の捉え方,システムの構造,システムの作り方等の,固有な概念構造を得るプロセスである.この概念構造をドメインモデルと呼ぶ.このドメインモデルを用いて,複雑で大規模な実際のシステム開発での生産性の向上と再利用の促進を図ろうとしている.得られたドメインモデルは,そのドメインに属するシステムを繰り返して開発する際の分類モデル,ひな型モデル,標準モデル,ハンドブック等として使われる.本概説では,ドメインの意味,ドメイン分析・モデリングの目的とプロセス,ドメインモデルの構成要素・記述手段・種類を述べ,また,ソフトウェアの再利用,ドメイン工学,要求工学,設計,リバースエンジニアリング等の観点からソフトウェア工学との関係を述べる.

This paper proposes a bottleneck improvement method on a new type of Queueing Network with Shared Stores (QNSS) using qualitative reasoning. Based on heuristics and knowledges obtained from evaluation experts, the authors have developed a new "qualitative reasoning" -based expert system, named BDES-SS (Bottleneck Diagnosis Expert System for QNSS), which can identify the bottlenecks, analyze the sources, and provide qualitative improvement plan option for QNSS. QNSS has the different types of bottlenecks in comparison with the ordinary QN. Primary types of bottlenecks in QNSS are "bottleneck Servers" with high utilization rates, "shared stores in overflow bottleneks", and "shared stores in underflow bottlenecks". In case of bottleneck improvement of QNSS with more than one bottlenecks, improvement Plans cause inconsistency one another. In order to improve all bottlenecks, BDES-SS first enumerates improvement plans for each of bottlenecks. Then, it selects a feasible Combination of the plans without inconsistency between bottlenecks. For this combination, the authors propose an approach by qualitative influence Propagation on the skeleton network which is a reduced from of given QNSS.

対象システムが固有に待つ性質に着目して、複雑で大規模な実際のシステム開発における生産性の向上と再利用の促進を目的とする「ドメインモデリング/分析」について解説する。