Tabuchi Rokuro

Introduction Elucidating the enduring effects of childhood social capital is vital for shaping future well-being. Here, we investigate the impact of childhood social capital (SC) and parental engagement on adult psychological well-being and cognitive performance. Methods Utilizing a cohort of 292 Japanese university students, we assessed the influences of SC and parental time during childhood on adult outcomes. Participants retrospectively reported their early childhood experiences, focusing on social interactions and parental involvement. Results Our findings reveal a significant positive correlation between childhood SC and adult subjective well-being, particularly in its positive dimensions. Additionally, maternal involvement during childhood is associated with cognitive abilities in adulthood, as measured by Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis highlights the substantial impact of childhood SC on adult well-being, elucidating the intricate interplay between social and parental contributions to developmental trajectories. Discussion These results highlight the crucial roles of both parental and non-parental figures in fostering social, emotional, and cognitive development from childhood to adulthood, underscoring the importance of nurturing supportive relationships throughout early life to promote positive developmental outcomes.

This paper argues that a 'family strategy' perspective is of theoretical import in order to better analyze contemporary intergenerational relationships. A family strategy perspective began to be used in studies of family history and is now widely applied in various areas of contemporary family studies. Due to social structural changes in the past few decades such as changing age structures and changing family norms, today's intergenerational relationships are more likely to be characterized by 'intergenerational ambivalence': the existence of contradictory expectations between generations. A family strategy perspective can describe and interpret how 'intergenerational ambivalence' is experienced by different actors and managed by them in everyday practice. The author argues that there are two different approaches to pursue studies on intergenerational ambivalence: the rational choice approach and the symbolic interactionist approach. This paper shows how intergenerational proximity can be examined effectively from a family strategy perspective.

家族、社会学

What are the implications of increasing globalization and individualization for the contemporary family? The purpose of this symposium is to consider this new issue of family studies from the perspective of old age, i.e., the last stage of the life-course.<br>Even though previous researches considered topics such as how family relationships are modified by old age and very old age, or the way in which the modern family is affected by the transformation of intergenerational relations, very few have faced these issues by considering not only intra-family ties (family and kinship) but also a wider network of ties deriving, from globalization and individualization. Therefore we focus here on new social ties in old age in this important context. In particular, we specifically consider the mediation between the macro and the micro levels operated by mesosystems such as the local community, as well as the results of the interaction of research and practice, with a greater collaboration among the points of view of sociology, the sociology of law, and NPOs, in order to challenge this theme of family studies.

This paper reports the results of the research by the Sumatra Earthquake Interdisciplinary or Integrated Research Team of Nagoya University.

Tsunami evacuation plannings have been built on "alert-evacuation" model, which assumes "tsunami alert -transmission -evacuation behavior" connection. Analyzing the data on the behavior of residents (n=1,710) in coastal area of Aichi prefecture after the tsunami warning on September 5, 2004, the results indicated that only a few residents evacuated despite their strong concerns on tsunami. This behavioral pattern results from the "empirical knowledge" which was gained by their past experience of not evacuating after a tsunami alert. In order to transform this knowledge, we need to build a new evacuation model based on the understandings of ambiguity which people face in disasters.

本稿は、近年の家族研究において注目されている構築主義的研究の動向を紹介することを目的とする。ここで構築主義的研究とは、以下で述べる意味で「構築主義的」な理論枠組みを採用していると考えられる研究を指す。関連する研究動向の紹介としては、拙稿 (田渕, 1996, 1998) のほかに、構築主義的家族研究を代表する研究であるGubrium and Holstein (1990) の訳書「あとがき」に訳者等による紹介があり、宮坂 (1999) や土屋 (1999) も関連する実証研究の動向を整理している。本稿は研究動向の紹介を網羅的に行う紙幅を欠くため、紹介はこれら先行研究に挙げられている文献と重複しないものを優先していることをお断りしておきたい。