杉村 美紀

This paper focuses on the role of the policy of studying abroad for the political and economic development in China． The Chinese studying abroad policy has two characteristics． Firstly， China is attaching an importance on studying abroad at students'expense and trying to get the good manpower for economic development． Secondly， China is welcoming the Chinese students coming back to homelands by encouraging their economic activities in China， because those students not only bring the techniques and capital for industry from overseas， but also they can be intermediaries for technical and personnel exchange between China and other countries． Nowadays， many private agents Play a great role in sending chinese students to foreign countries in private sector． and the Developing countries are also so much interested in China as a big educational market． The"Twining System"， in which Chinese students can get foreign degrees without going to other coulltries by scholarship exchange between China's higher educational institutions and the developing countries'， has already introduced because this system solve the cost problem of studying abroad． Furlthemort China is becoring positive in welcoming foreign students including overseas Chinese students to strengthen international political and economic relationships． The Chinese students coming back from Japan and other countries have already been active in the business world of China， As such the Chinese policy of studying abroad can be expected to take a more and more important role for national development in China

In Malaysia， the private New Era College， which was established in 1998with funding from the Chinese community， marked a big change in educational policy there， because the Malaysian government had formerly attached great importance to nationwide education as an important tool for national uni丘cation， and only national universities with the national language Malay as the medium of instruction had been in existence up uhtil that time． This article discusses the circumstances of the New Era College from the viewpoints of reform under national educational policies and the college's relationship to China and Taiwan． The Malaysian government changed its higher educational policy during the 1990's， adopting measures promoting privatization and diversi丘cation in response to the requirements of national economic development， given a limited budget and a serious"brain drain" problem． The New Era College was set up within this political situation， meaning that the deep－rooted educational needs of the Chinese community were finally recognized． China and Taiwan were both very interested in this College， because they hoped to establish political and economic ties with the Malaysian Chinese Community through the acceptance of graduates who wanted to get degrees． The Malaysian government， however， is still very sensitive about the Chinese community's political situation， giving rise to some differences over political and economic strategy regarding the College．